Habitat use of and threats to African large carnivores in amixed-use landscape

Key Points:

• Large carnivore occurrence was not affected by whether an area was used for photographic or trophy hunting tourism; regular law enforcement was instead a better predictor of occurrence
• All species (lions, spotted hyaena, wild dog) fared better in actively managed hunting areas than those that had been abandoned by operators
• Overall, the findings highlight the divergent habitat requirements within large carnivore guilds and the importance of adopting an integrated approach to large carnivore conservation planning in modern systems.