Elephant poaching in Tanzania’s Eastern Selous Game Reserve (ESGR) remains a major conservation concern, particularly between 2008 and 2013. Poaching activity was most intense during the wet season and concentrated along the reserve’s edges, especially near impoverished local communities. The close proximity of these communities, coupled with limited economic opportunities, has been identified as a key driver of illegal hunting. To combat this, researchers recommend a multi-faceted approach: diversify local livelihoods to reduce dependence on poaching, implement conservation education programs to build support for wildlife protection, and strengthen law enforcement to deter illegal activity. These integrated strategies not only aim to reduce poaching but also promote long-term ecological stability and community well-being. Protecting ESGR’s elephants requires addressing both ecological threats and socio-economic challenges, emphasizing that successful conservation depends on empowering and engaging local populations.
